By: Edgar González Ruiz (*) Chasing the dispossessed, attacking those who hunger and the homeless is one of the worst crimes you can commit. It is also the formula which sums up the career of former New York Mayor Rudolph Giuliani, who by this work has managed to collect millions of dollars to Latin American governments.
Chasing the dispossessed, attacking those who hunger and the homeless is one of the worst crimes you can commit. It is also the formula which sums up the career of former New York Mayor Rudolph Giuliani, who by this work has managed to collect millions of dollars to Latin American governments.
also former mayor, who shamelessly describes himself as a great leader, with achievements "formidable" extracted enormous resources of the city for the benefit of themselves and other billionaires, to the detriment of social welfare services.
Giuliani plays along with Bush, Cheney and other U.S. politicians, large negative values \u200b\u200bof capitalism and like them has also released its double standards where they live with the ridiculous puritanism clear violation to these rules in his personal life. A particularly distinguishes Giuliani being a persecutor of the marginalized, attorney for the intolerance of ordinary citizens and advocate of impunity for himself, to the extent that wanted to rise above the laws of the United States and other countries that have "advised".
Giuliani Terrorism Political
Republican Giuliani is one of the chief propagandists of the Bush reelection, and a few months ago was mentioned as a possible replacement for Cheney on the Republican vice presidential nomination given the This bad image because of their involvement in fraudulent business billionaires that Giuliani "does not apply its slogan of" zero tolerance. "
The website of propaganda for Bush's reelection ( www.georgewbush.com ) appears the following statement from Giuliani: "On September 11 marks the fact of our time. It was a shared experience that united the American people. The terrorist war that began Sept. 11 continues today. President Bush has provided consistent leadership and principled against the worst attack we've had in our history. His leadership on that day is central to his career, and its continuation is critical to our success against global terrorism. "
be recalled that a month after the attacks on the Twin Towers, Giuliani spoke in the Assembly General de la ONU a favor de la guerra contra los países «que respaldan al terrorismo» e insistió en que «no hay más espacio para la neutralidad» en el mundo. Dijo: «...les pido que observen en sus corazones y reconozcan que no hay espacio para la neutralidad en asuntos de terrorismo. O se está con la civilización o con los terroristas».
Paradójicamente, Giuliani es personaje admirado por grupos terroristas de signo anticastrista como Alpha 66 ( www.alpha66.org ), que se ha referido con júbilo al juicio de Giuliani sobre Fidel Castro como «un ser humano infame y terrible», palabras que se aplican a la perfección al propio Giuliani.
Prelude
Haiti racist lawyer by profession, in 1982 Rudolph Giuliani was an assistant attorney general and as such he said he was convinced that in Haiti, at the time of Jean Claude Duvalier, "there was no political repression '.
This is testified in April that year at a court hearing where he sought the release of 2,100 refugees from that country who were in detention camps the U.S. government. On that occasion, Giuliani said that repression in Haiti "simply does not exist today" and that refugees had nothing to fear from the government "friendly" Duvalier.
Guliani said he had reached that conclusion after Duvalier personally assured him that the Haitian refugees in the United States to return to their country would not be prosecuted.
This was one of the episodes discussed in the race racist persecution Giuliani predicted that years later, as mayor of New York, carried out against black immigrants.
early 80's, Giuliani stood out as an enemy of the Haitian refugees trying to flee his country had been captured by the U.S. Navy and sent to detention camps under "horrific." Many had been tortured by Duvalier forces and were fleeing for their lives.
Giuliani defended the policy in both courtroom and in the media and was highlighted as a policy advocate to repatriate the refugees, for which he pretended to ignore the dozens of news stories documenting the repression policy in Haiti.
with real fanaticism, at the time Giuliani defended the authority of Duvalier and eagerly sought the deportation of refugees. (Mitchel Cohen "All the Dictator's Men: Rudy Giuliani & Haitian Immigrants": August 17, 1999)
The "zero tolerance" and its fruits
Born in Brooklyn, the grandson of Italian immigrants, Giuliani was mayor of New York for two consecutive terms from 1993 to 2001.
to justify their persecution of the poor, Giuliani took up the so-called theory of "broken windows" proposed by James Q. Wilson and George Kelling, who proposed that when you have managed to maintain order in a community even break a window is something reprehensible.
In the hands of Giuliani, that idea became the "zero tolerance" strategy that some say led to a drastic decrease in crime in New York, while for others the decline was an expected effect of the conditions economic. What is not debatable is that Giuliani used the idea to wage war against the marginalized and in favor of powerful financial interests.
Friedsky Noah ("The game of Giuliani in Mexico City ': Narco News, September 11, 2003) summarized the social costs of so-called 'zero tolerance' youth of color routinely sought out and persecuted for daring to walk on the streets, overcrowded prisons full of 'addicts' nonviolent families of these prisoners left without parents, mothers abandoned by a system social security budgets shrunk while growing police, charged and convicted indigent irregularly, as Giuliani unleashed a war against the defenders.
Only after Giuliani's departure from the city government continues Friedsky, these effects began to appear in the headlines, while prisoners prove his innocence by DNA testing after spending a decade in prison and as a culture of police power and immunity has already been revealed through the historical actions of police brutality, including torture of Abner Louima.
Louima, an immigrant from Haiti, was arrested in 1997, beaten and sodomized in a Brooklyn police station, also, Amadou Diallo, another immigrant, despite being unarmed was shot dead by police officers in 1999, who mistakenly believed he was carrying a gun, Patrick Dorismond, black security guard was also killed by police in 2000 after a misunderstanding about a drug transaction.
In cases like these, the Louima and Diallo, Giuliani's reaction was overlap such abuse, giving a clear impression of reluctance to make statements or take actions that could harm the police department. When the Civil Rights Commission of the United States conducted an investigation following the beating of Louima, the mayor testified that the police department was "dedicated, professional and courteous in the use of force", but the Prosecutor General State concluded that the majority of records held by the police depended an agent's personal opinion and affect large numbers of blacks and Hispanics who were not committing any crime. In fact, Giuliani struggled to ratify in fact their racist tendencies, not only at the Police but in aspects such as education and other public services.
reports the New York Post on September 23, 1999, Herman Badillo, chairman of the municipal university system, said the students of Mexican and Dominican "have no history of education in their cultures', which just take up space in classrooms without learning anything, and who do not learn because they have no educational background, because "from the countryside and the mountains, and in the case of Mexicans, are all Indians."
displaying his own ignorance, the partner of Giuliani, who aspired to be a mayoral candidate for the Republican Party, also said that Mexicans are mostly of Mayan origin and "Inca" and that he no longer recognized the Barrio (East Harlem) because instead of Puerto Ricans, many parts of the New York neighborhood, was "full of Mexicans."
In 1998, municipal officials hindered the placement of banners in protest at the death of young Nicholas Heyward, Jr., Anthony Baez and Kevin Cedeno, shot in cold blood by police in New York. Four years ago, Anthony Baez was choked by the police officer Francis Livoti, after an oversight, a soccer ball fell into the patrol.
According to human rights defenders from 1994 to 1996, the New York police killed 75 people (the shot in the back, head, face down on the floor, the strangled, the hands and feet handcuffed behind his back and trampled, the beaten to death, etc. For all these facts only three police officers were convicted and none of them for murder. (Obrero Revolution # 970, August 23, 1998).
One of the most criticized aspects of the management of Giuliani was his fight against people who are homeless. Repeating a pattern in its history, the sinister character is fiercely devoted to pursuing this sector of marginalized people, even facing adverse court rulings.
Giuliani decided that the shelters for the homeless "could no longer offered free of charge and demanded that refugee claimants must pass mandatory assessments to seek employment. In fact, in his book Leadership, Giuliani boasts that its reform social care system resulted in a reduction of the budget for social assistance of about 60 percent and the council struggled to "check-ups and checks to prevent fraud," as if the help given to a beggar could compared with the money swindled by Giuliani with his traps along his life.
"The proposed requirements bringing in draconian sanctions that caused great indignation. Those not meeting these criteria would not get shelter and if they were heads of households (in most cases they were single mothers), were taken away from their children and children would be welcomed by families. For example, if a homeless shelter housed in the city arrived an hour late for work, he would be expelled from the shelter for 90 days for the first offense, 150 days for the second and 180 for third. " (Charles O'Byrne "How Giuliani cleaned up Manhattan" ww.thetablet.co.uk/spanish/article01.shtml).
with outrageous cynicism, the mayor and his aides argued that the new administration would benefit the "homeless" as part of a larger strategy to "end a culture of dependency and replace it with motivation, independence and diligence " and that was helping homeless New Yorkers to "find a permanent home in the private market." By contrast, proponents of the "homeless" the mayor pointed to the inability to understand the needs of those people, many with mental problems.
After a court overturned the draft Giuliani, it sought other means to revive the war against the "homeless", for which he took as a pretext, in accordance with his nature, the aggression suffered a 27-year secretary, Nicole Barrett, when a man approached her, punched her in the head with a paving stone and then disappeared. Although Barrett fully recovered from injury, considered at first as very serious and irreparable consequences that would leave the nature of the attack, carried out in broad daylight in the heart of Manhattan, struck fear in many.
"Despite not having any information about the aggressor, it was assumed that this was a" homeless ", probably with a mental disorder (later discovered it was a criminal with a history, which profile was not at all representative of the population of homeless in the city). Just three days after the attack, the mayor stated that Homeless had no right to sleep in the streets. "In civilized societies the streets are not sleeping in them .... the rooms are places to sleep." Without delay, the morning after his police chief announced that anyone who was sleeping in the street would be arrested if he refused to go to a shelter. "
This crusade against charity and solidarity Giuliani has earned the opposition of many New York churches, including the Fifth Avenue Presbyterian, which warned the Mayor that would welcome the Police arrest sleeping on the stairs churches.
said Although Catholic, Giuliani is in favor of the decriminalization of abortion, although the doctrinal issues seem to him mere instruments in their deceitful strategies to make money or power. Thus, in 2000, during the contest with Hillary Clinton by the federal senate in New York, Giuliani wanted to file a fundamentalist side, to slander accusing Hillary of "hostility towards the country's religious traditions." Also, Giuliani criticized the "liberal judges" who were allowed to place the text of the Ten Commandments in schools.
Giuliani himself made clear in his book Leadership that their religion is none other than the money, because the identity of the United States says: "... we're a religion. A secular religion .... We are united by our faith in democracy, religious freedom, in capitalism, a free economy where everyone can choose how to spend their money ...».
practical Enemy of culture, as were some Nazi leaders, and like many entrepreneurs, Giuliani came into conflict in 1993 with street painters when he tried to tax them arguing that as the wipers, they represented a 'threat' for New Yorkers.
In particular, began a personal battle against the artist Robert Lederman, "It is one thing to be called a bastard and another comparing him to Adolf Hitler," bellowed the mayor in October 1998 was quoted by the New York Daily News, Lederman motivated because Giuliani made numerous signs characterized as the Nazi dictator like Mussolini or as a member of the Ku-Klux-Klan. (La Jornada, October 26, 2002).
The "power" of leadership
Leadership In his book, whose English edition published in 2002, Plaza y Janes, Giuliani makes a apology for what he calls "the strength of my leadership" while describing their accomplishments and roots.
A mother knows lead their children to the values \u200b\u200bthat she summarized the meaning of life. Obviously, Giuliani instilled discipline, sense of authority and success, without regard for honesty, kindness, justice, or respect for others ..
So Giuliani says in the book mentioned that "every morning at eight o'clock, was very happy with my mother. Throughout my childhood I was haranguing on the virtues of finishing my homework before going out to play .... So Since 1981, I started every morning with a meeting of my closest associates ... I consider it the cornerstone of effective operation in any system ...».
This system may or may not be effective, but unfortunate are the "successes" that he has obtained Giuliani. In these meetings, guided by the principles of "giving priority to the priority" and "done soon to control", is accepted as normal the "rivalry and cunning are intended to promote signs of healthy competition, and the same spirit then cooked collectively tricks with which Giuliani imposed to New Yorkers as the decision to refuse permission to open a strip club or sent to jail for cleaner, forced by poverty to engage in this activity unprofitable.
is worth reproducing in extenso Giuliani's own account, not their enemies, about how he got what he considers one of his first "victory": "... came the idea of \u200b\u200baddressing first the problem of the cleaner. At that time, there were men who approached a car stopped at a traffic light or in traffic, water sprayed and washed the windshield with a dirty rag ... After "cleaning" unsolicited The man approached the driver and "demanded" their pay with varying degrees of threat. If drivers refused, the spitting on the windshield wiper or kicked the car. "
Attacking this form of bullying in the first place was very tempting because these men would be very aggressive near bridges and tunnels. It was one of the first and last impressions that led visitors to New York, an image that did not inspire much confidence.
"I suspected that expel these individuals was quite easy and would produce an immediate and measurable. I called the police officer Bill Bratton and Denny Young ... Bratton, who shared my view of addressing minor offenses as a way of establishing a civilized behavior and obedience to the law, and a sense of security, back after a couple of days and told me that the Police Department stated that it impossible to get rid of the cleaner. He wanted to, but they had explained that while not physically threaten the driver or "demanded" money, we had no legal basis to expel or arrest them if they refused. "
In the following paragraphs, Giuliani even evidencing again the falsity of his generalizations about the alleged violent behavior and will show off his own cunning and unethical. Read: "I told (Bratton) to forget the fact if they asked for money or not. When the curb and stepped down the road, had violated the law. Could fine everyone immediately. After giving them the fine, you could investigate who they were, if they had history, etc.. "
cheat With this procedure, Giuliani and Bratton chased the cleaner: "... We started sending subpoenas to those types and found that some were already wanted for crimes and violent property. In less than a month, we reduce the problem drastically. Things had improved markedly. A New Yorkers loved it and also to visitors, bringing money into the city and provided jobs for its inhabitants. That was our first success. "
As evidenced by the above-mentioned paragraphs, the apostle of "zero tolerance", the persecutor of beggars and squeegee official is himself a liar and a cheat, if these faults can be considered "minor" and can be understood, too, that he rules only for people who have money.
In fact his second "success", which recounts in his book, then, was the tax cuts benefit the hotel, to "stimulate business" and move forward on the road adds to pursue and protect the poor the rich.
The "leadership" Giuliani is full of such episodes, which constantly boasts former mayor, as well as its purported ability to respond to the attacks of September 11, but reading of his book suggests the conclusion that in fact, leaving aside the self-praise that is a pronounced feature Giuliani did more than him to do as the authority in charge of the city, and the most that can boast the ex-mayor, one of whose first concern was to call his lover, as he relates, is not entirely lost control of his emotions, leading out measures dictated by common sense, and also call firefighters and National Guard.
Even in these respects, Giuliani's performance has been controversial, because relatives of firefighters killed in the attacks on the Twin Towers have accused him of failing to meet the demands of providing those public servants with new equipment radio, probably because the former mayor did not see it no personal gain or financial gain.
But their advantage on 16 September 2001, had delivered a speech at the ceremony tear promotion of fire department, referring to the servers where fallen days earlier said they had "their lives and their love to that department, "spoke of" our broken hearts ... but still beating strong (sic) "and crashed his uncle being a firefighter and according to him," broke his heart "to think firefighters dead. Are typical of merchant tears, false sentimentality a truly miserable.
In Mexico In 2003, Giuliani Partners LLC ( www.giulianipartners.com ), was hired by a group of businessmen, headed by Carlos Slim, the richest man in Mexico, for the amount 4 million 300 thousand U.S. dollars to combat crime in the capital city.
Months earlier, on October 14, 2002, the leadership body of Mexican businessmen, Coparmex told by José Antonio Ortega, president of the Citizen Council on Public Insecurity, that the advice of former New York Mayor Rudolph Giuliani "Help restore law enforcement in Mexico City" and noted that private initiative looked to "friendly" Zero Tolerance program, and may even devote extra resources to the municipal government for payment of counseling.
Ortega has been prominent activist and secret agencies of the Mexican right-wing is one of the leaders of a campaign to promote the country's fight against "insecurity" business criteria.
According to Mexican researcher José Martínez, author of several books on national figures policy, history actually began in 2001 when Carlos Slim donated large sums to help New York. About a year later, "considering the short list of future Republican presidential hopefuls, Carlos Slim offered $ 4.3 million to give a hand to the city of Mexico."
should be added that Slim has a "warm relationship" with the Venezuelan billionaire Gustavo Cisneros, electronic media tycoon and ally of the mayor of Caracas, Alfredo Pena, who has driven in this capital similar ideas to combat crime with a business vision, and that this has used the services, much cheaper (more than one hundred thousand dollars), William Bratton, is a former police chief of New York under the command of Giuliani.
300 Surrounded by bodyguards, Giuliani visited the roughest neighborhoods in the city of Mexico City to finally cast their proverbial recommendations truly criminal, against the poor and marginalized.
Finally, the advocate of "zero tolerance" offenses against minors, took seven months longer than stipulated in delivering his report, cost-millionaire and that was basically the application mutatis mutandis the so-called strategy of "zero tolerance", which paradoxically Giuliani himself has not respected in his own performance.
Also, many of the recommendations of Giuliani, as proposed by the prosecution of prostitutes and cleaners violate individual guarantees established by the Mexican Constitution and other legal provisions on non-discrimination for socioeconomic reasons.
The Dominican Republic is another country where Giuliani has tried to carry out their robberies and where in February 2004, President Hipólito Mejía, after recognizing that the increase in unemployment and poverty have increased crime, revealed that the government intended to hire former New York mayor, Rudolph Giuliani, to improve, "tough and prevention," public safety.
said, demonstrating the concept to combat problems by attacking its causes but not effects, that crime is motivated "by unemployment and increased poverty", but "we have a full strategy, a security program tough and based on prevention. "
Giuliani balances and projects As noted
James Petras in his article "The real Giuliani" (La Jornada, December 17, 2002), the former mayor left in ruin to the city of New York, in hiding, a la Enron, a debt of more than 25,000 million dollars, most of which correspond to''off-budget commitments''agreed by government agencies in the city during the period of Giuliani. "In other words, the former mayor hid debt in an amount at least five times greater than the largest corporate bankruptcy in U.S. corporate history."
Petras explains that Giuliani hid the bankruptcy of New York handling the budget, not include the growing debt of several departments and agencies reporting only to be less. Giuliani left the official debt of five billion dollars,''which blamed the terrorist attack of Sept. 11,''but it was later learned that the city of New York was in a deep financial crisis, which was required "severe cuts "in spending on health, education and social services as well as increases in regressive taxes to avoid collapse.
The former mayor incurred the huge deficits by giving hundreds of millions of dollars in tax concessions all major housing companies in the city and spend thousands of dollars in incentives to preserve and promote New York as "a global center of finance, insurance, real estate and tourism."
The beneficiaries of such fraud in New York told the Brotherhood of Sandy Weil of Citibank; Zuckerman, the real estate magnate, Hank Greenberg, king of insurance, and even the former mayor Rudolph Giuliani, but "the American media they are all untouchable."
But the greed of Giuliani, like Cheney and Bush, seems to have no limits, in such a way that has also benefited from money from the fraudulent company Halliburton, in 1999 and 2000 made donations of more than 250 thousand dollars to the campaigns of Bush and other Republican candidates, and the association of "Friends of Giuliani 'exploring possibilities as presidential candidate. ( www.campaignmoney.com / hallib ...).
Other financial Giuliani political operations were stopped by courts, including a state court that paralyzed New York mayor's plans to demolish 120 public gardens to bring the land into the hands of developers .
Giuliani's double standards
During his tenure as mayor, Giuliani was criticized, even by courts for violating freedom of speech on moral grounds, in such a way that a federal court overturned the order of Mayor to suspend funding for the Brooklyn Museum of Art for its controversial exhibition "Sensation."
But despite his years he gives no example of sexual abstinence, Giuliani launched campaigns to sex shops empty of the "Big Apple" of New York. In 1998, he managed to authorize a municipal ordinance that 138 of the 155 businesses related to sex and pornography would have to close and leave the commercial and residential areas delaciudad.
Tracker prostitutes, Giuliani was also criticized for having eliminated the sex education curriculum in the city.
The October 19, 1998, New York police suppressed a demonstration of gay activists, trampling, beating and insulting a crowd that included many AIDS patients, other groups hated by Giuliani. They arrested 100 people and had them in jail until the next afternoon without take their medications, with serious consequences for their health. As usual, Giuliani lied to justify the attack, saying: "We would have given permission if we were given a couple of days ahead."
In contrast to the moral censure, which is an expression of prejudice and authoritarianism, intolerance promoter has provided protection to a priest accused of sexual abuse, perhaps because for Giuliani abuse of authority in general should not regarded as a failure.
The February 3, 2003, New Yorker media reported that Monsignor Alan Placa, a church prelate Long Island Catholic was excluded in his diocese last April after being accused of sexual abuse, working three days a week for Giuliani Partners, the company's former mayor. Placa, a longtime friend of Giuliani at first denied his working relationship with Giuliani, but the spokeswoman, Suny Mindel, told several newspapers that the prelate, in fact, worked for them.
In the sexual sphere, Giuliani has also released their own adventures, often scandalous if not ridiculous.
In 1999 it was noted that his partner was loving Crystina Lategano, charge of public relations for the mayor, who in the middle of that year called for a long leave, after which, according to sources close to the mayor, Giuliani's wife, Donna Hanover, gave him an ultimatum to get rid of it.
then, Giuliani admitted that he lived in a state of virtual divorce from his wife, actress Donna Hanover, 53, who in 2003 married again, this time with his high school sweetheart.
For his part, Giuliani married Judith Nathan, a wealthy woman in her forties, who was his mistress and in 2000. In this time, to prove this relationship, Giuliani had to leave the mayor's official residence, seeking refuge in the apartment of some friends, after publicly disclosing that he had a "good friend", to which Hanover sought a court order to prohibit rivals access to the official residence at a time when Giuliani was that her lover was creating a relationship with their children, Andrew and Caroline.
Finally, Giuliani's divorce culminated in an agreement that would pay his ex-wife $ 6.8 million, and his new marriage, after which the former mayor of 58 years declared waste of kitsch: "I am very, very happy. I hope that we spend the rest of our lives together. "
(*) Master of Philosophy. Researcher and journalist specializing in political right in Mexico and Latin America.
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